模擬undo數(shù)據(jù)塊損壞處理

一、檢查數(shù)據(jù)文件和undo段

idle>  select owner,segment_name,tablespace_name from dba_segments where tablespace_name='UNDOTBS1';

OWNER           SEGMENT_NAME              TABLESPACE_NAME

--------------- ------------------------- ------------------------------

SYS             _SYSSMU1_1261223759$      UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU2_27624015$        UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU3_2421748942$      UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU4_625702278$       UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU5_2101348960$      UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU6_813816332$       UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU7_2329891355$      UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU8_399776867$       UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU9_1692468413$      UNDOTBS1
SYS             _SYSSMU10_930580995$      UNDOTBS1

10 rows selected.

idle> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/t1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf

二、損壞undo

BBED>  copy file 4 block 273 to file 4 block 272
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf (4)

 Block: 272              Offsets:    0 to  511           Dba:0x01000110
------------------------------------------------------------------------

 02a20000 11010001 c042b802 00005304 24310000 0a000c00 c8950000 39015252 
 0000e81f 901f041f ac1e201e c81d3c1d e41c581c 001c741b 1c1b901a 381af419 
 9c195819 0019bc18 64182018 c8178417 2c17e816 90164c16 f415b015 58151415 
 bc147814 2014dc13 84134013 e812a412 4c120812 b0116c11 1411d010 78103410 
 dc0f980f 400ffc0e a40e600e 080e7c0d 240d980c 400cb40b 5c0bd00a 780aec09 
 94090809 b0082408 cc074007 e8065c06 04067805 20059404 3c04b003 5803cc02 
 7402e801 90010401 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 08001800 
 10001400 42000000 40000000 00000000 00000000 0b011050 0000ac95 020d0200 
 01000300 11010001 2f014f00 cfc04100 80024000 ff120301 16001800 10003100 
 02000200 03000200 00000200 02000000 42000000 40000000 00000000 00000000 
 0b010c51 0000c895 020d9c0c 9d7f0000 11010001 39015000 a0c24100 80024000 
 ff120201 02000000 6c000700 fe7f0000 9bac5912 00000000 02000000 00000000 
 18007c00 01100000 28000000 c10c0000 c104104e c2361195 c1540200 c1030300 
 c1540001 0a001800 10001400 0d004000 43000000 43000000 00000000 00000000 
 0a160c50 0000c895 020d1400 18001000 11010001 39014f00 05020100 60024000 
 80bd4100 03000000 00000000 02c14502 c10c0600 41c2a000 7bc24100 16001800 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply;
Check value for File 4, Block 272:
current = 0x3124, required = 0x3124

三、重啟

idle> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
idle> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1056964480 bytes
Fixed Size                  8904576 bytes
Variable Size             310378496 bytes
Database Buffers          729808896 bytes
Redo Buffers                7872512 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 4, block # 272)
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf'
Process ID: 23168
Session ID: 17 Serial number: 55028

四、dbv檢查壞塊

[oracle@19c01:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/db_1/dbs]$dbv file='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf'

DBVERIFY: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Sep 19 05:32:36 2022

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
Page 272 is marked corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01000110 (file 4, block 272)
Bad header found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 2 format: 2 rdba: 0x01000111
 last change scn: 0x0000.0000.02b842c0 seq: 0x53 flg: 0x04
 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x42c00253
 check value in block header: 0x3124
 computed block checksum: 0x0
DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 463360
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 0
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 454599
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 9
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 8760
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 45659789 (0.45659789)

五、rman檢查壞塊

RMAN> backup validate check logical database;

Starting backup at 2022-09-19 05:35:30

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=254 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/t1.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45

List of Datafiles
=================

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN

---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------

1    OK     0              20769        519687          45859854  
  File Name: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed

---------- -------------- ----------------

  Data       0              439458          
  Index      0              54367           
  Other      0              5086            

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN

---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------

3    OK     0              22703        85760           45659789  
  File Name: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed

---------- -------------- ----------------

  Data       0              10933           
  Index      0              9982            
  Other      0              42142           

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN

---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------

4    FAILED 0              8760         463360          45659789  
  File Name: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed

---------- -------------- ----------------

  Data       0              0               
  Index      0              0               
  Other      1              454600          

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN

---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------

5    OK     0              1149         1280            45563073  
  File Name: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/t1.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed

---------- -------------- ----------------

  Data       0              1               
  Index      0              0               
  Other      0              130             

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN

---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------

7    OK     0              69           642             45586320  
  File Name: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed

---------- -------------- ----------------

  Data       0              81              
  Index      0              17              
  Other      0              473             

validate found one or more corrupt blocks
See trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_25379.trc for details
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================

File Type    Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined

------------ ------ -------------- ---------------

SPFILE       OK     0              2               
Control File OK     0              646             
Finished backup at 2022-09-19 05:36:17

六、重建undo

idle> alter database datafile 4 offline drop;

Database altered.

idle> alter database open;

Database altered.

idle> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/t1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf

idle> !rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf

idle> create undo tablespace UNDOTBS2 datafile  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs02.dbf' size 50m;

Tablespace created.



idle> alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs2 scope=spfile;

System altered.

idle> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

七、檢查alert

Undo initialization recovery: err:0 start: 3197076 end: 3197092 diff: 16 ms (0.0 seconds)
[27743] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 5.
Undo initialization online undo segments: err:0 start: 3197092 end: 3197112 diff: 20 ms (0.0 seconds)
Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:3197076 end:3197116 diff:40 ms (0.0 seconds)

2022-09-19T05:58:19.202312+08:00
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_mz00_28084.trc:
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 7

八、刪除舊的undo

idle> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafiles;
drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafiles
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01548: active rollback segment '_SYSSMU10_930580995$' found, terminate dropping tablespace

idle> alter system set "_offline_rollback_segments"=('_SYSSMU10_930580995$') scope=spfile;
alter system set "_offline_rollback_segments"=('_SYSSMU10_930580995$') scope=spfile


idle> create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile' from spfile;

File created.

*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
_offline_rollback_segments=(_SYSSMU10_930580995$)

idle> startup pfile='/home/oracle/pfile';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1056964480 bytes
Fixed Size                  8904576 bytes
Variable Size             310378496 bytes
Database Buffers          729808896 bytes
Redo Buffers                7872512 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
idle> DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT "_SYSSMU10_930580995$";

Rollback segment dropped.

idle> drop tablespace undotbs1 including contents and datafiles;

Tablespace dropped.